СМИ как актор политического процесса: эволюция западных концептуальных подходов во второй половине ХХ в. (Часть 1)

Владимир Александрович Гуторов

Аннотация


В статье анализируются теоретические вопросы эволюции западных политологических концепций функционирования СМИ в либеральных демократиях во второй половине ХХ в. Сформировавшись после Второй мировой войны в политической науке США и Западной Европы, они стали играть определяющую роль в том сегменте мирового научного дискурса, который связан с анализом структур современных массовых и политических коммуникаций. Особое внимание уделяется автором тем концепциям, которые и в наши дни определяют теоретические подходы к изучению роли СМИ в политическом процессе. К их числу относятся теория «минимального эффекта», теория «медиакратии», модели «исследования воздействия» (Effects Research) и  «анализа текста» (Tеxt Analysis), теория «использования и удовлетворения»  (Use and Gratification Approach)  и ряд других.  Автор уделяет большое внимание теории структурации А. Гидденса, которая во многом обобщает современные научные дискуссии о роли СМИ, развивавшиеся на протяжении десятилетий в западной политологии и политической социологии.

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